Blood usage among orthopedic patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Main Article Content
Keywords
Blood Transfusion, Orthopedic Patients, Theatre, RSUTH, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Blood transfusion holds a significant place in the practice of surgery, including orthopaedic surgeries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative use of blood and blood products among orthopaedic patients operated at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021, focusing on the demographics of patients, number and type of surgeries needing a blood transfusion, and the number of blood transfusions.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study was carried out at the operating theatre of a referral tertiary hospital using a designed proforma to extract data from the registers of operated orthopaedic patients.
Results: There were 168 males and 145 females who were operated on, and 43 (13.74%) of them had intra-operative blood transfusion. Patients between 41 to 50years and 51 to 60 years dominated the distribution with a total of 20 (46.5%), out of 59 blood transfusions carried out. The surgical condition requiring the highest number of blood transfusions was fractures (29), followed by foot gangrene (17) occasioned by diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease. Open reduction and internal fixation for fractures (18) constituted the highest single type of surgery carried out within the study period.
Conclusion: A bimodal age distribution was observed in intraoperative blood transfusion requirements. The orthopaedic intraoperative blood transfusion burden was 13.74%, mainly for open reduction and internal fixation for fractures.
References
2. Meyer M. Thicker than water: The origins of blood as symbol and ritual: Routledge; 2014.
3. Weddle C. The sensory experience of blood sacrifice in the Roman imperial cult. Making Senses of the Past: Toward a Sensory Archaeology. 2013:137-59.
4. Sarteschi L, editor Jehovah's witnesses, blood transfusions and transplantations. Transplantation proceedings; 2004: Elsevier.
5. Singelenberg R. The blood transfusion taboo of Jehovah's Witnesses: origin, development and function of a controversial doctrine. Social science & medicine. 1990;31(4):515-23.
6. Elder L. Why some Jehovah's Witnesses accept blood and conscientiously reject official Watchtower Society blood policy. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2000;26(5):375-80.
7. Rakhimovna KD. Modern view on emergency caesarean section. ResearchJet Journal of Analysis and Inventions. 2022;3(06):113-6.
8. Organization WH. World patient safety day goals 2021-2022: safe maternal and newborn care. 2021.
9. Pelis K. Moving blood. Vox sanguinis. 1997;73(4):201-6.
10. Learoyd P. The history of blood transfusion prior to the 20th century–Part. 2012.
11. Farr A. The first human blood transfusion. Medical history. 1980;24(2):143-62.
12. Hall AR, Hall MB. The first human blood transfusion: priority disputes (Henry Oldenburg). Medical history. 1980;24(4):461-5.
13. Nathoo N, Lautzenheiser FK, Barnett GH. The first direct human blood transfusion: the forgotten legacy of George W. Crile. Operative Neurosurgery. 2009;64(suppl_1):ONS20-ONS7.
14. Learoyd P. The history of blood transfusion prior to the 20th century–part 2. Transfusion Medicine. 2012;22(6):372-6.
15. Stoicea N, Bergese SD, Ackermann W, Moran KR, Hamilton C, Joseph N, et al. Current status of blood transfusion and antifibrinolytic therapy in orthopedic surgeries. Frontiers in surgery. 2015;2:3.
16. Lemos MJ, Healy WL. Current concepts review-blood transfusion in orthopaedic operations. JBJS. 1996;78(8):1260-71.
17. Toy P, Kaplan E, McVay P, Lee S, Strauss R, Stehling L. Blood loss and replacement in total hip arthroplasty: a multicenter study. The Preoperative Autologous Blood Donation Study Group. Transfusion. 1992;32(1):63-7.
18. Sambandam B, Batra S, Gupta R, Agrawal N. Blood conservation strategies in orthopedic surgeries: a review. journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma. 2013;4(4):164-70.
19. Watts C, Pagnano M. Minimising blood loss and transfusion in contemporary hip and knee arthroplasty. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British volume. 2012;94(11_Supple_A):8-10.
20. Jiang J, Zhou R, Li B, Xue F. Is deliberate hypotension a safe technique for orthopedic surgery?: a systematic review and meta-analysis of parallel randomized controlled trials. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research. 2019;14(1):1-14.
21. Hofmann A, Farmer S, Shander A. Five drivers shifting the paradigm from product‐focused transfusion practice to patient blood management. The oncologist. 2011;16(S3):3-11.
22. Vaglio S, Prisco D, Biancofiore G, Rafanelli D, Antonioli P, Lisanti M, et al. Recommendations for the implementation of a Patient Blood Management programme. Application to elective major orthopaedic surgery in adults. Blood Transfusion. 2016;14(1):23.
23. Repine TB, Perkins JG, Kauvar DS, Blackborne L. The use of fresh whole blood in massive transfusion. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2006;60(6):S59-S69.
24. Mejia A, Calderón-Vargas C, Echeverri T, Muñoz-Castaño J, López-G J. Indication of Red Blood Cell Transfusion in a Third-Level Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. J Comm Med and Pub Health Rep. 2021;2(2).
25. Organization WH. The selection and use of essential medicines: report of the WHO Expert Committee, 2015 (including the 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and the 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children): World Health Organization; 2015.
26. Barro L, Drew VJ, Poda GG, Tagny CT, El‐Ekiaby M, Owusu‐Ofori S, et al. Blood transfusion in sub‐Saharan Africa: understanding the missing gap and responding to present and future challenges. Vox Sanguinis. 2018;113(8):726-36.
27. Feyisa T, Tesfaye Kiya G, Maleko WA. Assessment of recipients’ characteristics, transfusion appropriateness, and utilization pattern of blood and blood products in Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia. Plos one. 2021;16(4):e0250623.
28. Organization WH. Global status report on blood safety and availability 2021. 2022.
29. Blankstein AR, Houston BL, Fergusson DA, Houston DS, Rimmer E, Bohm E, et al. Transfusion in orthopaedic surgery: a retrospective multicentre cohort study. Bone & Joint Open. 2021;2(10):850-7.
30. Hasan O, Khan EK, Ali M, Sheikh S, Fatima A, Rashid HU. “It’sa precious gift, not to waste”: is routine cross matching necessary in orthopedics surgery? Retrospective study of 699 patients in 9 different procedures. BMC health services research. 2018;18:1-7.
31. Theusinger OM, Kind SL, Seifert B, Gerber C, Spahn DR. Patient blood management in orthopaedic surgery: a four-year follow-up of transfusion requirements and blood loss from 2008 to 2011 at the Balgrist University Hospital in Zurich, Switzerland. Blood Transfusion. 2014;12(2):195.
32. Erhabor O, editor Challenges of Blood Transfusion Service Delivery in Sub Saharan Africa. 2nd International Conference on Haematology and Blood Disorders, Baltimore; 2014.
33. Nwaogu N, Lawal O. Community Attributes and Impact of Cult Related Activities across Selected Communities in the Niger Delta.
34. Godbless DD. Cultism and its Implication on Development: A Case Study of Rivers State from 2003-2019. KIU Journal of Social Sciences. 2020;5(4):159-66.
35. Alabi A, Harcourt SL, Ijah OA, Friday R, Aaron FE. Gunshot Injuries in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: The University Teaching Hospitals’ Experience. International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health. 2021:1-7.
36. Okanezi, Ibradouyeiyalagha B. An overview of the effects of school crime of violence in the 21 st century Nigeria. Multi-disciplinary journal of research and development perspectives. 2019;8(2).
37. Uduji JI, Okolo-Obasi EN, Asongu SA. Cult violence in Nigeria and corporate social responsibility in oil-producing communities. Local environment. 2023;28(5):619-44.
38. Sezaneh Haghpanah M, Shima Miladi M, Leila Kasraian M. Blood Transfusion Practice in Operating Rooms in Nemazee Hospital in Southern Iran. Age.55(18.23):54.23-56.7.
39. Nwosu AD, Enweani UN, Okwesili IC, Tekwunife R, Anagor AA, Ekwedigwe HC. Audit of blood transfusion practice during anaesthesia for spine surgeries in a regional trauma centre in Nigeria. Orient Journal of Medicine. 2015;27(3-4):65-70.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike License 4.0. This licence allows users to download and share, remix, tweak and build upon the article for non-commercial purposes, so long as the original authorship is acknowledged and the new creations are licensed under identical terms.