Assessment of Uptake of Cervical Pre-Cancer Screening among Women of Reproductive Age in Ogun State, Nigeria.
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Keywords
Awareness , Cervical Cancer, Knowledge, Pre-Malignant Lesions , Screening Uptake.
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women in Nigeria and is largely preventable. However, in Nigeria, the absence of universal screening means individual awareness and knowledge significantly impact screening uptake. Previous studies have reported mixed results regarding awareness and screening rates.
The study assessed cervical screening uptake rate among women of reproductive age.
Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study among women of reproductive age across the three senatorial districts in Ogun State, Nigeria, using interviewer-administered questionnaires following ethical approval. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 25. The outcome variables included the level of awareness and knowledge of cervical cancer and its pre-malignant screening, as well as the level of uptake of cervical cancer.
Results: A total of 1310 women were interviewed, with 1233 responses analyzed. The mean age of the respondents was 32.33 ± 6.25 years. Of the respondents, 592 (48.0%) were aware of cervical cancer, 281 (22.8%) were aware of cervical screening, and 141 (11.4%) had good knowledge of cervical cancer. Eighty (6.49%) participants had been screened at least once, and only nine had been screened at least twice. The majority of the women, despite the poor awareness and knowledge levels, were willing to be screened in the future. There was a statistically significant association between cervical cancer awareness and uptake of screening (X2 = 9.282, df =1, P-value = 0.002).
Conclusion: Awareness, knowledge, and screening uptake remain low among women in Ogun State. However, awareness of cervical cancer positively influences screening participation. Therefore, extensive awareness campaigns are recommended to improve screening rates and reduce cervical cancer prevalence.
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