Influence of physical activity on health related fitness in young adults: An observational research
Main Article Content
Keywords
Hand grip strength;, Cardio respiratory fitness, Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), Physical fitness, Physical activity
Abstract
Background: The amount of physical activity (PA) a person engages in directly affects their health-related fitness. Inactivity contributes for around 3.3% of all deaths, making the lack of exercise and sedentary lifestyles among the young generation a current source of concern. To our knowledge, there hasn’t been any research; revealed data on young adults is there which entails the assessment of physical fitness in different PA categories. In perspective of this, the objective of this research was to find out the affect of PA levels on physical fitness in healthy adults.
Methodology: A total of 419 students between the ages of 18 and 25 participated in this cross-sectional survey. The ‘‘Global Physical Activity Questionnaire’’ (GPAQ) was used to evaluate the PA. Their body fat percentage was measured using a skin fold calliper, followed by measurement of VO2max using a gas analyzer and hand grip strength and endurance assessment with the help of a computerized dynamometer. For statistical analysis, Karl Pearson's correlation coefficients and the Anova test were utilized.
Results: PA was positively correlated with VO2 max (r=0.429), and handgrip strength (r=0.408) while negative correlated with body fat % (r=-.315). VO2 max, body fat %, hand Grip strength differs significantly amongst participants having different physical activity levels. (p-value =<0.05)
Conclusion: This research concludes that PA is associated with physical fitness. PA will lead towards a definite improvement in overall physical fitness. With the help of the results of this study, young adults can be motivated for physical fitness.
References
2. Mehta RA, Rathod IR, Jagad K. A study to determine the factors affecting the level of physical fitness in normal college going students. Int J Sci and Healthcare Research 2020;5(3):555-59
3. Ruiz J R, Castro-Piñero J, Artero EG, Ortega FB, Sjöström M, Suni J et al. Predictive validity of health-related fitness in youth: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(12):909–23.
4. Huang JH, Li RH, Huang SL, Sia HK, Lee SS, Wang WH, et al. Relationships between different types of physical activity and metabolic syndrome among Taiwanese workers. Scientific Reports 2017;7(13735):1–8.
5. Kopiczko A, Bogucka A. Assessment of total fatness and fatty tissue distribution in young active and physically inactive women. Biomed Hum Kinet. 2018;10(1):38–44
6. Patel P, Iqbal R. Comparative analysis of health-related physical fitness levels among the young male workers performing sedentary and heavy occupational physical activity. Int J Forensic Engineering Management. 2020;1(1):62-75.
7. Kumar M, Singh S. To evaluate the physical fitness of female medical students involved in sports in terms of VO2 max, handgrip strength, handgrip endurance and compare it with those not involved in physical activities: A cross-sectional study. Int J Allied Med Sci Clin Res. 2021;9(3):485-92.
8. Ramaya A]M, Pradeepa R, Das AK, Bhansali A, Joshi SR, Kaur T, et al. Physical activity and inactivity patterns in India-results from the ICMR-INDIAB study (phase-1). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act.2014;11:26-32.
9. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)- Anthropometry Procedure Manual, Central control for disease control and prevention. 2007.
10. Durnin J, Womersley J. Body fat percentage assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurement on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutrition .1974;32:77-79.
11. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ Analysis Guide, 2018.Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/global-physical-activity-questionnaire
12.Verhs PR, Geordge JD, Gilbert W, Plowman S A. Sub maximal treadmill exercise test to predict VO2 max in fit adults. Measurements in physical education and exercise science. 2007;11(2): 61-72.
13.Gerodimos V, Karatrantou K, Psychou D, Vasilopoulou, Zafeiridis A. Static and dynamic handgrip strength endurance: test-retest reproducibility. J Hand Surgery. 2017;42(3):175-84
14.Mungreiphy NK, Dhall M, Tyagi R, Saluja K, Kumar A, Tungdim MG et al. Ethnicity, obesity, and health pattern among Indian population. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2012;3(1): 52–59.
15. Chhabra P, Chhabra SK. Distribution and Determinants of Body Mass Index of Non-smoking Adults in Delhi, India. J Health Popul Nutr. 2007;25(3);275-80
16.Singh A. Gender differences of physical activity in university students. International Journal of Yogic Human Movement and Sports Sciences. 2019;4(1):374-377
17.Zanovac M, Lakkakula AP, Johnson LG. Physical activity is associated with percent body fat and body composition but not body mass index in white and black college students. Int J Exerc Sci. 2009; 2:175-85
18.Davarzani S, Babaei N, Ebaditabar M, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Association of physical activity with cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition. Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2020;26(4):183-91
19.Sultoni K, Suherman A, Fitri M. The effect of physical activity levels on health-related physical fitness of university students. Advance in Social Science, Education, and Humanities Research. 2019;335(1):271-76
20.Sogut M, Kaya OB, Altunsoy K, Clark CT, Clemente FM, Dogan AA. Anthropometric obesity indices, body fat, and hand grip strength in young adults with different physical activity levels. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019;4(3):51-58
21. Natraj M, Sinha MK, Bhat A, Vaishali K. Correlation between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and heart rate variability among young overweight adults. J Taibah U Med Sciences. 2022;17(2):304-10
22.Vega RB, Konhilas JP, Kelly DP, Leinwand LA. Molecular mechanism underlying cardiac adaptation to exercise. Cell Metab.2017;25:1012-26
23. Polina SV, Jayamala AK, Priyadarshini KU, Subhashri S, Pavitra B, Sarawathi M. Assessment of physical activity and physical fitness among undergraduate medical students. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2022; 13(1):101-06
24. Kumar R, Kumar S, Singh K, Kaur H. Assessment of handgrip strength between national level basketball and netball players. Euro J Molecular Clin medicine. 2020;7(7):6400-6404
25.Goodpater BH, Chmentowski P, Ward BK, Effects of physical activity on strength and skeletal muscle fat infiltration in adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Appl Physiol.2008; 105:1498-1503
26. Shete AN, Bute SS, Deshmukh PR, A study of VO2 max and body fat % in female athletes. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(12): BC01-03
27. Maulana GF, Chandra NI. Does GPAQ exhibit a higher correlation with the maximum oxygen capacity than IPAQ among young adults? J Sports Area. 2021;6(3):411-20
28. Ekblom B, Astrand P O, Saltin B, Stenberg J, Wallstrom B. Effect of training on circulatory response to exercise. J Appl Physiol 1968; 24(4): 518–528
29. Fatima AV, Dutt AR, Bhat SK, Bhat B, Fakruddin AV. A comparative study of handgrip strength among sedentary and non-sedentary workers. Natl J Phys, Pharma Pharmacol 2017;7(3):265-68
30. Leblanc A, Taylor BA, Thompson PD. Relationship between physical activity and muscular strength among healthy adults across the lifespan. Springerplus 2015; 4:557-62.
31. Koley S, Singh AP. An association of dominant handgrip strength with some anthropometric variables in Indian collegiate population. Anthropol Anz 2019;67(1):21-28
32. Yadav G, Badat S, Siawach I, Sachdeva K, Chauhan N. Physical activity, and its correlation with body composition among undergraduate medical students in Delhi: a cross-sectional study. Int J Comm Med Public Health 2020;7(11):4530-3.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike License 4.0. This licence allows users to download and share, remix, tweak and build upon the article for non-commercial purposes, so long as the original authorship is acknowledged and the new creations are licensed under identical terms.